capacitance charge calculator

Capacitance Charge Calculator

Use this tool to calculate electric charge with the capacitor equation Q = C × V.

Tip: capacitance must be greater than 0. Voltage can be positive or negative depending on polarity convention.

What this capacitance charge calculator does

A capacitor stores electric charge when a voltage is applied across its terminals. This calculator helps you quickly find that stored charge using the standard capacitor formula:

Q = C × V

Where:

  • Q = charge in coulombs (C)
  • C = capacitance in farads (F)
  • V = voltage in volts (V)

Because real-world work often uses microfarads, nanofarads, millivolts, or kilovolts, this calculator includes unit conversion automatically.

How to use the calculator

Step 1: Enter capacitance

Type your capacitor value and select the correct unit (F, mF, µF, nF, or pF).

Step 2: Enter voltage

Type the applied voltage and select unit (V, mV, or kV).

Step 3: Choose output unit

Select the charge unit you want for your final answer (C, mC, µC, nC, or pC).

Step 4: Calculate

Click Calculate Charge. The tool returns the charge and also shows stored energy using:

E = ½ C V² (energy in joules)

Worked examples

Example 1: Common electronics capacitor

If C = 100 µF and V = 5 V:

  • Convert 100 µF = 100 × 10-6 F = 0.0001 F
  • Q = C × V = 0.0001 × 5 = 0.0005 C
  • Q = 500 µC

Example 2: High-voltage application

If C = 2 nF and V = 3 kV:

  • 2 nF = 2 × 10-9 F
  • 3 kV = 3000 V
  • Q = 2 × 10-9 × 3000 = 6 × 10-6 C
  • Q = 6 µC

Unit reference table

Quantity Unit SI Conversion
Capacitance 1 mF 1 × 10-3 F
Capacitance 1 µF 1 × 10-6 F
Capacitance 1 nF 1 × 10-9 F
Charge 1 mC 1 × 10-3 C
Charge 1 µC 1 × 10-6 C
Voltage 1 kV 1000 V

Common mistakes to avoid

  • Skipping unit conversion: this is the #1 reason answers are off by powers of ten.
  • Using wrong symbol: capacitance uses C, but charge also often uses Q to avoid confusion.
  • Ignoring sign: negative voltage can produce negative charge depending on reference direction.
  • Forgetting voltage limits: capacitor ratings must not be exceeded, even if your math is correct.

Where this is useful

  • RC timing circuits
  • Power supply smoothing
  • Sensor and analog front-end design
  • Educational physics and electronics labs
  • Quick field calculations during troubleshooting

Quick FAQ

Can charge be negative?

Yes. The sign depends on polarity and how you define the reference direction.

What if voltage is zero?

Then Q = 0. No potential difference means no stored charge in the ideal capacitor model.

Does this include leakage or ESR?

No. This is an ideal capacitor equation calculator. Leakage current, ESR, and dielectric effects are not modeled.

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