partially differentiate calculator

Use * for multiplication, ^ for powers, and functions like sin(), exp(), ln().
Use 2 for second partial derivative, 3 for third, etc.
If provided, the calculator evaluates the derivative numerically at that point.

What this partial differentiation calculator does

This tool computes a partial derivative of a multivariable function with respect to one chosen variable. You can also request higher-order derivatives and evaluate the result at a specific point. For example, if your function is f(x,y)=x^2y+sin(xy), you can differentiate with respect to x and then evaluate at x=1, y=2.

How to use it

1) Enter your function

Type your expression using standard calculator syntax:

  • Multiplication: x*y
  • Powers: x^3
  • Trig and exponential: sin(x), cos(y), exp(z)
  • Logarithm: ln(x)

2) Choose the variable

In partial derivatives, all other variables are treated as constants. So ∂/∂x means only x changes.

3) Set derivative order

Keep order = 1 for first partial derivative. Set order = 2 for a second derivative with respect to the same variable (for example, ∂²f/∂x²).

4) Optional: evaluate at a point

Provide values like x=2, y=3. The calculator will show the symbolic derivative and its numeric value at that point.

Worked example

Suppose f(x,y)=x^2y+sin(xy). Differentiate with respect to x:

  • ∂/∂x (x^2y) = 2xy
  • ∂/∂x (sin(xy)) = cos(xy)·y (chain rule)

So, ∂f/∂x = 2xy + y*cos(xy). At (x,y)=(1,2), this becomes 4 + 2*cos(2).

Common input mistakes and fixes

  • Missing multiplication sign: write x*y, not just xy.
  • Invalid variable assignment: use x=1, y=2 format.
  • Order out of range: keep it as a positive integer (1 to 10 here).
  • Wrong function names: use sin, cos, tan, exp, ln.

Why partial derivatives matter

Partial derivatives are central in many fields:

  • Machine learning: gradients for model optimization.
  • Economics: marginal change with respect to one input.
  • Physics: heat flow, wave equations, and field models.
  • Engineering: sensitivity analysis and system design.

Quick tips

  • Start symbolic first, then evaluate numerically.
  • Use higher-order derivatives to study curvature and stability.
  • Check units when applying derivatives to real-world models.

🔗 Related Calculators